What type of detector is best suited for detecting smoldering embers?

The best type of detector for detecting smoldering embers is the photoelectric detector. These detectors utilize a light source and a sensor to detect smoke particles in the air. Unlike the ionization detector, which is more sensitive to fast-flaming fires and may not respond effectively to the slow, smoldering combustion that produces less smoke, the photoelectric detector is designed to respond to the larger smoke particles typical of smoldering combustion.

When smoldering embers produce smoke, the particles can scatter light. The photoelectric sensor picks up this scattered light, triggering the alarm. This capability makes photoelectric detectors particularly well-suited for environments where slow combustion can occur, such as in upholstered furniture or bedding, where smoldering can predate an actual fire.

While other types of detectors, like heat detectors, respond to temperature increases, they are not as effective in the earlier stages of a fire where smoldering embers may be present. Similarly, spark detectors are designed to detect rapid changes associated with sparks or flaming fire, making them less appropriate for situations where only embers are concerned. Thus, the photoelectric detector's design and detection method make it the optimal choice for identifying smoldering embers.